Windows

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History

On November 20, 1985 Microsoft announced its operating system named Windows which was a graphical operating system shell as a response to growing GUIs (graphical user interfaces). At the moment Windows dominates the word of computers with around 90% market share and it overtook Apple (Mac OS) which was introduced in 1984.

Windows versions:
  1. Windows 1.0 – Nov 1985
  2. Windows 2.0 – Dec 1987
  3. Windows 3.0 – May 1990
  4. Windows 95 – Aug 1995
  5. Windows 98 – June 1998
  6. Windows ME – Sep 2000
  7. Windows XP – Oct 2001
  8. Windows Vista – Nov 2006
  9. Windows 7 – July 2009
  10. Windows 8.0 – Oct 2012
  11. Windows 8.1 – Oct 2013
  12. Windows 10 – July 2015

Windows server versions:

  1. Windows Server 2003
  2. Windows Server 2008
  3. Windows Server 2012 / 2012 R2
  4. Windows Server 2016
  5. Windows Server 2019

File System


  • It is the method and data structure that an operating system uses to keep track of files on a disk or partition. 
  • Without a file system, the information saved in a storage media would be one large body of data with no way to tell where the information begins and ends.
  • Windows file system structure is: 
    1. Logical drives (Ex: Local Disk C)
    2. Folders (these are the folders that come by default. Ex: Documents, Downloads, Music)
    3. Files
  • Important Folders located on the C drive
    1. PerfLogs - Stores the system issues and other reports regarding performance
    2. Program Files and Program Files (x86) - Is the location where programs install unless you change their path (Ex: Choosing to install software on D drive)
    3. Users - In this folder are stored the users created. It also stores users generated data (Ex: Saving a file on your Desktop)
    4. Windows - It's the folder which basically contains the code to run the operating system and some utility tools (we'll talk about them later)

File Permissions


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